• acute, fatal zoonotic disease
  • ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ณต์ˆ˜๋ณ‘(hydrophobia), ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ด‘๊ฒฌ๋ณ‘
  • Etiology : rabies virus (genus Lyssavirus์˜ serotype 1)
    • ๊ฑฐ์˜ serotype 1์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋‚˜, serotype 2~7์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ๋“ฏ
  • Occurence
    • urban type (๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญdeveloping) : ์œ ๊ธฐ๊ฒฌ, ๋ฐ•์ฅ โ†’ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๋™๋ฌผ, ๊ฐ€์ถ• โ†’ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
    • sylvatic type (๋ถ๋ฐ˜๊ตฌ ์„ ์ง„๊ตญdeveloped) : ์•ผ์ƒ๋™๋ฌผ โ†’ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๋™๋ฌผ, ๊ฐ€์ถ• โ†’ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
    • ์ œ3์„ธ๊ณ„(Third World countries)์—์„œ most common
    • ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ : ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์œผ๋‚˜, ๊ฐ€์ถ•์€ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ์—ผ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ.
  • Transmission
    • saliva by the bite of infected animal (๊ฐ์—ผ๋œ ๋™๋ฌผ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ต์ƒ, ํƒ€์•ก, ์ ๋ง‰)
    • close contact with infected (w/o bite), aerosols in bats (batโ†’์ธ๊ฐ„ ์ „ํŒŒ๋Š” ์—†๋Š”๋“ฏ(์กฑ๋ณด))
    • cannot penetrate intact skin (์ •์ƒ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์—๋Š” ์นจํˆฌ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€)
    • peripheral nerve โ†’ CNS โ†’ salivary glands (โ†’ ์นจ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ํฌํ•จ)
  • Clinical manifestation
    • ๊ด‘ํญํ˜•(furious)๊ณผ ๋งˆ๋น„ํ˜•(paralytic), fatality rate์€ ๋งˆ๋น„ํ˜• > ๊ด‘ํญํ˜• (์กฑ๋ณด)
    • ์ž ๋ณต๊ธฐ(incubation period)๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  3๊ฐœ์›” (5์ผ ~ 2๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค์–‘)
    • the closer to CNS, the shorter I.P
    • vomiting, headaches, slight fever
    • ์ฆ์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ death
  • Therapy & Prophylaxis
    • vaccination postexposure : ๊ต์ƒ ํ›„์—๋„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฑ์‹  ๋งž๊ธฐ
    • no treatment after symptoms
    • ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๋™๋ฌผ๋„ vaccination