공보2(A) - 12. Orthomyxoviridae

• genus Orthomyxovirus
  • A : zoonotic inportance
  • B : only in human
  • C : humans & domestic animals / no zoonotic

• antigenic shift : 다른 species 사이에서 유전자 재조합
• antigenic drift : hemagglutinin, neuraminidase에 결합하는 수용체의 항원성(antigenicities) 변화 by point mutation

Swine influenza virus

• 2009년 flu pandemic
• easily transmitted to human (vice versa: 역도 성립)
• Etiology : swine influenza virus (formula H1swN1)
  • first isolated from pigs
• Occurence : worldwide, latent in pigs
• Transmission : aerosol, direct contact (handshake)
• Clinical manifestation
  • 증상 : high fever, bronchitis in upper respiratory tract
  • lead to secondary bacterial infections, pneumonia
• Treatment : Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) - neuraminidase inhibition
• Vaccine
  • available for animals / not for humans
  • human influenza vaccine은 swine influenza virus를 막지 못함

Avian Influenza Virus

• 1997 홍콩에서 처음 발병 (H5N1) : 18명 감염, 6명 사망
• can transmitted to mammals(특히 pigs), humans
• Etiology : Avian influenza virus (H5N1, H7N7, H9N2) 참고) H3N2는 동물과 직접적 관련X (사람)
• Occurence
  • worldwide in birds
  • latent infection (특히 waterfowl물새에서)
  • transmitted among avian species, carried by migrating birds
• Transmission
  • H5N1 : contact with live birds (meat, animal products X) → 사람에게 전파