• Filovirus : enveloped, nonsegmented, (-) ssRNA
    • filo=์‹ค. ํ•„๋ผ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊น€.
  • extremly pathogenic / not highly contagious (์ „์—ผ๋ ฅ โ†“ ๋ณ‘์›์„ฑโ†‘)

Marburg fever

  • hemorrhagic fever, high fatality rate
  • Etiology : Marburg virus
    • filamentous virus particle (filo=์‹ค)
  • Occurence
    • ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์˜์žฅ๋ฅ˜์™€ ์ ‘์ด‰ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ
  • Transmission
    • direct contact, aerosols
    • sperm์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ case ์žˆ์Œ
  • Clinical manifestation
    • high fever
    • vomiting and severe diarrhea (์‹์ค‘๋… ์œ ์‚ฌ ์ฆ์ƒ)
    • ์œ ๋Ÿฝ fatality rate 30%
  • Therapy & Prophylaxis
    • ๋Œ€์ฆ์น˜๋ฃŒ
    • experimental vaccine ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ
    • potentially infectious monkeys, people, material ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๋•Œ ์ฃผ์˜

Ebola Virus Hemorrhagic Fever

  • hemarrhagic fever, extremely high lethality (๊ฐ์—ผ๋ ฅ์€ ๋‚ฎ์Œ)
  • Etiology :
  • Occurence
    • Africa Congo ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ
    • 5 species : 4๊ฐœ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ์œ ๋ฐœ, 1๊ฐœ๋Š” NHP์—๊ฒŒ(์‚ฌ๋žŒX)
  • Transmission
    • ์ „๋ถ€ human-to-human
    • ๋ณ‘์› ๋“ฑ ์ ‘์ด‰ ๊ฐ์—ผ(patient blood, accidental inoculation, reused needles, ..)
    • consuming chimpanzees as food
    • ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ burial rituals
    • fruit bat์ด host๋กœ ์˜์‹ฌ
  • Clinical manifestation
    • fever, headaches, diarrhea, .. (Marburg์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌ)
    • 75% hemorrhagic
    • 1976์˜ fatality rate : 53%, 88%, .. (๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์Œ)
  • Differential Diagnosis
    • hemorrhage : only seen in patients with a fatal course (fatalํ•  ๋•Œ๋งŒ ์ถœํ˜ˆ ์†Œ๊ฒฌ)
    • ๋‹ค๋ฅธ hemorrhagic fever(yellow fever, flavivirus ๋“ฑ)๊ณผ ๊ฐ๋ณ„ ํ•„์š”
    • ์ง„๋‹จ๊ณผ ์‹คํ—˜์€ have to be perforemed in BSL-4 facilities
  • Theraphy & Prophylaxis
    • ๋Œ€์ฆ์น˜๋ฃŒ
    • fresh-blood transfusion
    • serum from recovered patients
    • ribavirin, interferon.. but not fully tested yet (์ž„์ƒ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ๋งˆ์นœ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ œ๋Š” ์—†์Œ)
    • ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ : the deceased cremated(์‚ฌ๋ง์ž ํ™”์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ), ์ ‘์ด‰ ์ฃผ์˜, ์ฃฝ์€ ์›์ˆญ์ด ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ