• Azotemia = ์งˆ์†Œ ํ˜ˆ์ฆ (Nitrogen + ํ˜ˆ์•ก ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์–ด)
  • ํ˜ˆ์•ก ์ค‘ ์งˆ์†Œ ํ•จ์œ  ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์ด ์กด์žฌ (urea, creatinine, body waste compounds, other nitrogen-rich compounds)
  • GFR ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด, ํ˜ˆ์•ก์˜ azotemia ์ƒํƒœ ์ธก์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๋‡จ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ์ง„๋‹จํ•จ.
  • ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
    • Pre-renal azotemia : ์‹ ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๊ด€๋ฅ˜๋ž‘์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ
      • ์›์ธ : ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ํƒˆ์ˆ˜, shock, ์šธํ˜ˆ์„ฑ ์‹ฌ๋ถ€์ „(heart failure)
    • Primary renal azotemia : ์‹ ์žฅ ์‹ค์งˆ(parenchymal renal)์˜ ์†์ƒ
      • ์›์ธ : ์‹ ๋ถ€์ „, ์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์ฒด์‹ ์—ผ(glomerulonephritis), ๊ธ‰์„ฑ ์„ธ๋‡จ๊ด€ ๊ดด์‚ฌ(acute tubular necrosis) ๋“ฑ
    • Post-renal azotemia : ์†Œ๋ณ€ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์˜ ์ด์ƒ
      • ์›์ธ : ๊ฒฐ์„(stones), ์ข…์–‘(neoplasia), ์„ ์ฒœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์ด์ƒ(congenital abnormality), ์ „๋ฆฝ์„  ๋น„๋Œ€(prostatic hyperplasia) ๋“ฑ