Cell death

  • ๊ด€์ฐฐ : pyknosis(ํ•ต๋†์ถ•), karyorrhexis(ํ•ตํŒŒ๊ดด), karyolysis(ํ•ต์šฉํ•ด), absense of nucleus, cytoplasmic eosinophilia(๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์ด ๋งŽ์•„ ํ•‘ํฌ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž„)
  • cell death์˜ ๊ธฐ์ „
    1. hypoxia, ischemia(ํ—ˆํ˜ˆ), ์„ธํฌ๋ง‰ damage ํ˜ˆ์•ก ๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด ์ž˜ ์•ˆ ๋˜์–ด ์‚ฐ์†Œ๋‚˜ ์˜์–‘๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ์ฐŒ๊บผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ cell injury๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ. ์‚ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด ATP๋„ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ด์ง. ๊ณ„์† ๋ฌด์‚ฐ์†Œ์„ฑ glycosis๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋‹ˆ lactic acid๊ฐ€ ์Œ“์ž„. ์„ธํฌ์งˆ์˜ pH๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ATP ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง. volume control์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  cell swelling์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ.
    2. ์นผ์Š˜ ์ด์˜จ ๋ฐธ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์˜ ํŒŒ๊ดด ischemia๋กœ plasma membrane์˜ ์นผ์Š˜ ์ฑ„๋„์ด ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋ฉด, ์นผ์Š˜์ด ์„ธํฌ๋‚ด๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋จ. ๋ฏธํ† ์ฝ˜๋“œ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ permeability๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ATP ์ƒ์„ฑ๋„ ๊ฐ์†Œ. ํ•ต๊ณผ ์„ธํฌ๋ง‰์— damage.
  • ischemia reperfusion injury(ํ—ˆํ˜ˆ ์žฌ๊ด€๋ฅ˜ ์†์ƒ) : ํ—ˆํ˜ˆ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์กฐ์ง์— ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žฌ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์ €ํ•˜ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์†์ƒ. ๊ณผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋ฉด์„œ oxidative stress๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง.